9 – Linear system solution

The csfl-lib-1.0 uses one of the line-by-line methods, known as TDMA (TriDiagonal Matrix Algorithm), to solve the linear system. The line-by-line methods solve straightforward a line, i. e., they one-dimensional problems. When we solve two-dimensional problems, this method becomes iterative and the sweeping is done line-by-line and column-by-column.


The equation that we will solve is given:
(9.1)

And writing (9.1) in a properly way to carry out a recursive procedure [1], we have:
                     

(9.2)
It is interesting to us to settle a recursive relation:
                     

(9.3)
That let us, using boundary conditions, evaluate a line settling coefficients P and Q, and solve in reverse order evaluating the variables values. Than if we change the index of (9.3), we have:
                     

(9.4)
Replacing (9.4) in (9.2) and comparing the result with (9.3), we find the following expressions for P and Q:
                     

(9.5)





(9.6)
Equations (9.5) and (9.6) are recursive relations that allow us, provided that we know P1 and Q1, to evaluate all values of P and Q. Considering the problem given by (9.1), and if we solve the problem from West to East face, we have:
                     

(9.7)
and
                     

(9.8)
When we solve the problem column-by-column, starting form South to North face, coefficients are given by:
                     

(9.9)
and
                     

(9.10)
Inspecting (9.5) and (9.6) it is easy to infer how we can evaluate P1 and Q1 .We observe in theses equations that the boundary volumes, i. e., the volumes of the West face of the calculation domain should not depend on variable on the left. If we are handling columns, and the volumes belong to the South face they should not depend on the variable below. Therefore, C1 must be zero and this results
                     

(9.11)
We know that the approximation equation, for volumes of boundaries East and North, must not depend on the variable on the right or above. Therefore, Bm given by Eq. (9.7) and (9.9), must be zero. It follows from Eq. (9.3) that
                     

(9.12)
And the index N indicates the volumes on the East boundary if the sweeping is done line-by-line or the volumes of North boundary if we are calculating column-by-column.
 
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